"INCUBATORS" AT THE MATERNITY HOSPITAL, PORT ROYAL, PARIS. Illustrated London News 1884. Image size 8 1/2 x 12 inches. Wood engraving.
*** This engraving depicts several "incubators" that were invented at this Paris Hospital just four years earlier by Stephane Tarnier. Several nurses are placing babies in the incubators that have thermometers on them. The engraver, Eugene Froment (1844-1900), was born in France but moved to London where he was a leading illustrator.
"His engravings surpass the most highly regarded examples of hiscontemporaries." Gusman, quoted in Engen 93.

A FINE ENGRAVED PORTRAIT OF WILLIAM HARVEY. London c1833. Artist C. Jansen. Engraver E. Scriven. Matted size 9 x 12 inches.
*** This fine stipple and line engraved portrait is based on a painting in the Royal Society.

William Harvey

HARVEY DEMONSTRATING THE CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD. London 1851. Artist Robert Hannah (1812-1909). Sheet size (image and text) 101/2 x 16. Image 7 1/2 x 9 inches.
*** This dramatic wood engraving of English artist Robert Hannah's 1849 painting of William Harvey demonstrating the anatomy of a deer heart to King Charles I was published in the Illustrated London News with a brief biographical sketch. Harvey was physician to the king, who enj oyed watching him dissect hearts freshly removed from deer shot on the royal estate. He explained that the king hunted almost every week: "This gave me an opportunity of dissecting numbers of these animals almost every day during the whole of the season." Harvey, quoted in Keele, William Harvey, p. 34. This image is reproduced in Nuland, "Medicine: The Artof Healing (1992), p. 81.

A HIGH-RELIEF MEDAL DEPICTING WILLIAM HARVEY. Created by celebrated artist and medallic sculptor Abram Belskie in 1970, the obverse of this striking 1 3/4 inch bronze medal is a portrait of Harvey, and the reverse is a depiction of the circulation. Harvey is best known for his theory of the circulation. On the basis of dissections and a series of animal experiments he concluded that the heart was a pump that propelled blood through the body in a closed circuit.

A FINE ENGRAVED PORTRAIT OF JOHN HUNTER. London 1838.
Artist J. Reynolds. Engraver G. H. Adcock. Matted size 9 x 12 inches.
*** This stipple engraving/ based on the well-known portrait by Joshua Reynolds, depicts the surgeon and anatomist sitting at his desk, deep in thought.

A FINE ENGRAVED PORTRAIT OF EDWARD JENNER. London c1836. Artist J. R. Smith. Engraver E. Scriven. Matted size 9 x 12 inches. *** A handsome stipple engraving of Jenner standing by a tree.

A FINE PHOTOGRAVURE OF EDWARD JENNER. "THE FIRST VACCINATION - DR. JENNER." New York c1894. Artist Georges-Gaston Melingue. Matted size 11 x 14 inches.
*** Jenner vaccinates a boy with curious and startled onlookers in the background.

THE PHYSICIAN. Illustrated London News 1877. 13 3/4 x 19 1/2 inches. Wood engraving.
*** This beautifully shaded image/ based on a painting by British artist Henry Wallis (1830-1915) depicts a physician in an ancient eastern European town administering medicine to a woman as several other men,women, and children wait for his care. A young woman assistant stands behind the physician, holding a box of medicines. This striking and dramatic image was engraved by Klinkicht, a German wood engraver who worked in London. Engen 145.

THE CHILDREN/S HOSPITAL. Illustrated London News1882. Image size 12 3/4 x 9 3/4 inches. Wood engraving.
*** This dramatic and richly shaded image, based on a painting by Thomas Davidson, depicts a nurse holding a small child that she has just lifted out of her hospital crib. There is a doll and a spinning top on a tray table. A nurse holds a baby in the background. This image is a striking example of his style which" centered around an emphasis on figure outlines, hard-edged to stand out." Engen p. 188.

THE CHRISTMAS STORY IN THE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL. Illustrated London News 1881. Image size 13 x 9 3/8 inches. Wood engraving.
*** This engraving, after a painting by English artist Henry R. Robertson (1839-1919), depicts a nurse telling a story to a little girl in a hospital bed. Four other children (one with a bandaged head) are clustered around the bed, listening intently.

A HIGH-RELIEF MEDAL DEPICTING AMBROISE PARE. Created by celebrated artist and medallic sculptor Abram Belskie in 1970, the obverse of this striking 1 3/4 inch bronze medal is a portrait of Pare, and the reverse is a depiction of the wound man, a plastic repair of a facial lesion and surgical instruments.
*** Pare (1510-1590) was the leading surgeon of the 16th century. His extensive experience as a military surgeon led him to reject the use of boiling oil to treat gunshot wounds. He also advocated the use of a ligature rather than hot cautery after amputation.

A FINE PHOTOGRAVURE OF LOUIS PASTEUR. "PASTEUR IN HIS LABORATORY." New York 1894. Artist Albert Edelfelt. Matted size 11 x 14 inches.

OSPITAL, WEST PHILADELPHIA. A HAND­COLORED LITHOGRAPH. New York 1864. Matted size 20 x 24 inches.
*** This spectacular lithograph, created when the facility was in use, depicts the massive Satterlee General Hospital located on a 12 1/2 acre si te in West Philadelphia. Construction of this massive complex was begun in May 1862, and the first patients were admitted just five weeks later. By October 31st, twenty-six wards were open, each staffed by a surgeon, a wardmaster, a medical student, and four nurses, one of whom was a "Sister of Charity." The hospital, constructed in the popular "pavilion" style, was originally designed to hold 1,000 patients. Demand forced the addition of 150 14 by 15 foot tents that housed six patients each. The wards (designed to hold fifty patients each) were 24 by 167 feet, with 19 foot pitched ceilings. Each ward was connected to a 28 x 25 foot smoking room for the patients. The hospital was lit with natural gas, and water was piped directly from the Schuylkill River.
Sewage flowed into a pre-existing man-made pond located just 250 yards from the hospital. This concerned the surgeon-in-charge who feared it "would breed malaria." On December 17, 1864 the hospital had a capacity of 3,519 beds of which 2,464 were occupied. At this time, there were 192 Union military hospitals with a total of 83,409 patients and 34,648 unoccupied beds.

New York: D. T. Valentine 1864. 6 x 8 1/4 inches: Color lithograph.
*** This colorful Civil War image depicts a large hospital ward with about 24 cots. A doctor is counting a patient's pulse as a wounded soldier walked by on crutches. There is a partial view of the pharmacy with medicine bottles and a scale. Helfand (1995) 64.

A FINE ENGRAVED PORTRAIT OF THOMAS SYDENHAM. London 1835. Engraver E. Scriven. Matted size 9 x 12 inches.
*** A beautifully shaded stipple engraving of "one of the greatestfigures in internal medicine."

HIGH-RELIEF MEDAL DEPICTING THOMAS SYDENHAM. Created by celebrated artist and medallic sculptor Abram Belskie in 1970, the obverse of this striking 1 3/4 inch bronze medal is a portrait of Sydenham, and the reverse is his coat of arms.

A HIGH-RELIEF MEDAL DEPICTING ANDREAS VESALIUS.
Created by celebrated artist and medallic sculptor Abram Belskie in 1970, the obverse of this striking 1 3/4 inch bronze medal is a portrait of Vesalius, and the reverse is a depiction of him dissecting the forearm.
*** Vesalius (1514-1564), the founder of modern anatomy, proved by performing many painstaking dissections that many of Galen's anatomical teachings (which had dominated medical theory and practice since antiquity) were incorrect.

A HIGH-RELIEF MEDAL DEPICTING WILLIAM WITHERING. Created by celebrated artist and medallic sculptor Abram Belskie in 1970, the obverse of this striking medal is a portrait of Withering, and the reverse is a depiction of a foxglove plant and the heart.